Ways to control environmental pollution

Compared with the concept of state management of environmental protection, the concept of environmental pollution control has a broader connotation, expressed in many aspects. So what is environmental pollution control? What are the ways to control environmental pollution, environmental degradation and environmental incidents? Below is the content clarifying the above issue specifically as follows:

1. Legal basis

Environmental Protection Law 2020; Decree 08/2022/ND-CP detailing a number of articles of the Law on Environmental Protection

2. About the concept of environmental pollution control

Pollution control is the process of preventing, detecting, containing and treating pollution. (Clause 22, Article 3, Law on Environmental Protection 2020).

3. Legal forms of environmental pollution control

a. Collect, manage and publish environmental information

To control environmental pollution, having complete and accurate environmental information is especially important. It allows environmental pollution control entities to grasp the current state of the environment as well as changes in environmental quality.

Environmental information must be collected and managed according to the provisions of law. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment presides over and coordinates with ministries, branches and localities to collect and manage environmental information and build a national environmental database. This activity always requires the support of special technical measures, methods, tools, and means, known for environmental monitoring activities, environmental monitoring programs, and monitoring systems. environment.

Agencies, organizations and individuals publicize environmental information according to regulations on the agency's or organization's information portal or in other forms, ensuring convenience for relevant subjects to receive information. Disclosure of environmental information must comply with legal regulations. (Articles 114, 115, 116 Environmental Protection Law 2020)

b. Environmental protection planning

Environmental protection planning includes two levels: national environmental protection planning and provincial environmental protection planning and must ensure the following principles: compatibility with natural and socio-economic conditions. ; strategies and master plans for socio-economic development, defense and security; national environmental protection strategy to ensure sustainable development; Ensure consistency with land use planning. The basis for establishing the National Environmental Protection Planning is implemented according to the provisions of law on planning and the following bases: National environmental protection strategy in the same development period; Climate change scenarios in the same development period. (Clause 1, Article 23, Law on Environmental Protection 2020)

The responsibility for environmental protection planning belongs to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; Provincial People's Committee, under which the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment organizes national environmental protection planning; Provincial People's Committees organize content development or environmental protection planning in the area. During the process of planning for environmental protection, opinions and consultations with relevant entities must be conducted.

c. Promulgate and apply a system of environmental technical regulations

Environmental technical regulations is a mandatory regulation that applies limits of parameters on environmental quality, the content of pollutants in raw materials, fuels, materials, equipment, products, goods, waste, and other requirements. Technical and management requirements are issued by competent state agencies in accordance with the law on technical standards and regulations. (Clause 10, Article 3, Law on Environmental Protection 2020)

Environmental technical regulations are the main tool to control pollution, so promulgating timely and feasible environmental technical regulations is a mandatory requirement. The lack of environmental technical regulations will be the biggest barrier to environmental management and protection, because there is no scientific and legal basis for determining the actual quality of the environment and controlling it. negative impacts on the environment.

d. Waste management

Waste Generally defined as matter in solid, liquid, gas or other form emitted from production, business, service, daily life or other activities. (Clause 18, Article 3, Law on Environmental Protection 2020)

For each different type of waste, based on the impact of that waste on the surrounding environment, the law has different regulations on the management of two types of waste: normal waste and hazardous waste. harmful.

+ General waste management: In addition to the general regulations on waste management responsibility, which first belongs to the waste generator or the party receiving waste management under a waste management responsibility transfer contract, the law also specifically regulates the management of waste. Manage each type of waste including regular solid waste, wastewater, dust, and exhaust gases.

+ Hazardous waste management: Hazardous waste source owners must prepare documents on hazardous waste and register with the state management agency on environmental protection at the provincial level. Only qualified organizations and individuals with licenses can treat hazardous waste.

and. Dealing with facilities that cause serious environmental pollution

Remediating facilities that cause serious environmental pollution is also considered one of the ways to control pollution. The treatment aims to stop the environmental pollution of the facilities, and at the same time prevent other objects from polluting the environment. Responsibility for reviewing, detecting and handling facilities causing serious environmental pollution is carried out annually and in the following order: Provincial People's Committee presides and coordinates with ministries, ministerial-level agencies and agencies under the Government. The government prepares a list of establishments causing environmental pollution in the area.

Decisions to deal with establishments causing serious environmental pollution must be notified to the People's Committee at district and commune levels where the establishment has activities causing serious environmental pollution and made public to the community for inspection. investigation and supervision.