10 solutions to deal with climate change

One of the most important tasks for humanity in the future is to limit the risk of climate change to minimize disasters caused by natural disasters such as storms, floods, tsunamis, landslides, ice melting, tornadoes, etc. Tens of millions of people have been affected by extreme and unusual weather in the past two decades. Annual CO2 emissions are three times higher than in the 1990s and the rate of fossil fuel use continues to skyrocket.

Scientists predict that even if humans could immediately and completely stop emitting CO2, the average temperature of the Earth would continue to increase from the current 0.8 degrees Celsius higher than normal to 1.6 - 1.8 degrees Celsius. The new higher than normal temperature of the Earth will last for another 500 years because the oceans, which are already warm, need time to cool down. To prevent the risk of the Earth's temperature increasing by another 2 degrees Celsius, reaching the threshold of disaster, the world needs to immediately and completely eliminate CO2 emissions. Below are 10 feasible solutions proposed by the American magazine Scientific America:

One of the most feasible solutions is to limit the burning of coal, oil and natural gas. Currently, oil is a popular fuel and many other products are produced from oil, while coal is widely used in most countries, mainly to produce electricity. According to research by American Energy experts, up to now there has not been a perfect solution to replace fossil fuels even though they are a source of a huge greenhouse effect. Therefore, sooner or later, people will have to find other alternative fuel sources such as biofuels, nuclear power or other energy sources.

According to statistics, housing accounts for nearly 1/3 of greenhouse gas emissions on a global scale (43% in the US alone). Therefore, improvements in the construction sector such as strengthening insulation systems, building temperature-controlled staircases, "environmental" houses, etc. will save a lot of fuel and reduce emissions. In addition, transportation works such as bridges and roads are also factors that need adequate investment. Good roads not only reduce fuel for vehicles but also reduce the amount of toxic emissions or use of industrial furnaces (such as coal gasification furnaces, furnaces used in cement production) will also reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

According to scientists, about 1 gallon of fuel (equivalent to 4.5 liters) used for driving will create about 9 kg of CO2 emissions, so the option of working near home without using a car but walking or cycling is both beneficial for health and beneficial for the environment.

One of the most economical solutions is to save and reduce spending, which is not only true in daily life but also has the effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. For example, reducing the use of packaging will significantly reduce production costs and recycling costs. One of the pressing issues today is the excessive use of packaging made from plastic, which has caused the "white pollution" effect...

This is a solution that is highly recommended by the medical community, but from an environmental perspective, it has a different meaning. Accordingly, people have encouraged organic farming, growing vegetables and fruits without using chemical fertilizers or pesticides. Choosing food that is balanced in nutrients, delicious and environmentally friendly is not simple, while manufacturers compete to advertise, making it easy for consumers to be confused. In addition, eating too much meat is not good for the body, while the livestock industry alone is the place that produces the largest greenhouse gas emissions.

According to statistics from the US Department of the Environment, every year, on average, about 33 million hectares of forests are destroyed worldwide. Logging alone releases over 1.5 billion tons of CO2 into the environment, accounting for 20% of man-made greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, stopping deforestation will have a great effect in reducing the risk of climate change.

          7. Save electricity

One of the most feasible economic solutions to reduce environmental pollution is to save electricity, especially using energy-saving household appliances such as compact light bulbs and rechargeable batteries. According to experts from the US Department of the Environment, if each household in this country only needs to replace one incandescent light bulb with a compact light bulb, the whole country will save the amount of electricity used by 3 million other families.

          8. Each couple should only have one child.

Currently, there are over 6 billion people in the world and according to the UN's forecast, by the middle of the 21st century, this number will increase to 9 billion, and thus the demand for food, clothing, and other necessities will increase by one and a half times compared to today. With such a large consumption level, it will create a huge source of greenhouse gas emissions, especially in developing countries. Applying the plan of each couple having only one child will bring many practical benefits and is considered the most sustainable and feasible development plan in the future.

Finding new energy sources to replace fossil fuels is the biggest challenge for humans in the 21st century. Some potential candidate energy sources are ethanol from crops, hydrogen from water hydrolysis, thermal energy, wave energy, wind energy, solar energy and biofuels...

Currently, scientists are conducting new experiments such as geological engineering intervention or solar blocking techniques... to reduce the greenhouse effect. In addition to these solutions, scientists are also considering techniques such as dispersing sulfate particles into the air to cool the atmosphere like the lava flow of volcanoes, or installing millions of small mirrors to deflect sunlight, covering the earth's crust with reflective films to refract sunlight, creating oceans containing iron and nutrient-enhancing solutions to help plants absorb more CO2...